Polands Syndrome Essays - Health, Muscular System, Medicine

Poland's Syndrome POLANDS SYNDROME There is an uncommon and astounding intrinsic condition referred to today as Polands Syndrome. This incredibly uncommon confusion that is available during childbirth falls exceptionally precious to me. I will clarify in later passages. A life systems understudy by the name of Alfred Poland mentioned the main recorded objective fact in 1841 at Guys Hospital in London. Alfred Poland found this remarkable and unexplored variation from the norm while dismembering the dead body of a convict that was hung for homicide. The depiction Alfred Poland initially gave was that of an intrinsic thoracic peculiarities including the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor with extra anomalies on the influenced side of the body (ipsilateral) comprising of webbed or melded phalanges (syndactyly). The term Polands Syndactyly was utilized to depict this issue until 1967 when Baudinne renamed it, Polands Syndrome. It was felt that the condition would be increasingly precise whenever alluded to as a disorder in light of the fact that there were numerous irregularities then just syndactyly. Today, the laymens meaning of Polands Syndrome comprises of a formative issue that is available during childbirth. It is portrayed by the nonattendance or underdevelopment of chest muscles (pectoralis major, pectoralis minor) and anomalous short, webbed fingers or nonappearance of center phalanges. Extra finding may incorporate immature or nonattendance of one areola or bosom on the influenced side. Increasingly extraordinary cases show upper immature ribs and additionally a strangely short arm with immature lower arm bones. Lamentably the confinement of Polands Syndrome disfigurement doesnt consistently stop here. The clinical society has reported disconnected cases in the course of recent long periods of chest divider distortion, lung herniation and spine ebb and flow. Anomalies including the clavicle, scapula, kidney, testicles, heart and related events of leukemia were likewise seen in patients with Polands Syndrome. The latest clinical examinations given on this inconsistency in the previous 40-50 years has affirmed that Polands Syndrome starts inside the chest and is kept singularly. Any extra one-sided irregularities influencing the furthest points or close by musculoskeletal parts differ in seriousness. For a precise determination of Polands Syndrome to be made it must incorporate the inborn incomplete or all out nonappearance of the pectoralis significant muscle with or without the loss of the pectoralis minor muscle. The almost no examination and studies that have been done on this inconsistent condition inside the clinical network have concurred that the proportion of influenced guys to females is 3 to 1. In promotion, the investigations uncovered that the inborn distortion has a 75% possibility of being unmistakable on the correct side. The starting point of Polands Syndrome is as yet obscure. Throughout the years there have been numerous speculations regarding the reason for this inconsistent transformation which asks on around 1 of every 30,000. Many have theorized that Polands Syndrome is heredity in nature. Despite the fact that various cases have been accounted for including numerous relatives, there isnt enough data inside the investigations to demonstrate a hereditary theory. The most reasonable hypothesis that has been built up identifies with fetal improvement during the 6th seven day stretch of incubation. It is generally known among the clinical calling that the correct side of the creating vascular tree endures more abnormalities then the left. In light of this well established certainty, Bouwes-Bavnick and Weaver made a potential relationship embroiling the creating vascular tree as the guilty party. They expressed that the reason for Polands Syndrome could be clarified by a disconnected deformity in the advancement of the vascular tree. They expressed that the key timeframe for the advancement of the vascular is the 6th week and that additionally happens to be one of the most delicate purposes of fetal developmen t. It is the 6th seven day stretch of development that is the purpose of vascular separation from the 6th vascular curves to the developed vascular example. It is around then that the vertebral and subclavian blood vessel branches become unmistakable substances. They estimated the fetal wonder to a particular area inside the developing vascular tree, which will bring about an anticipated distortion. I know this vascular tree hypothesis doesnt sound all that persuading and that is the reason, when a youngster is determined to have Polands Syndrome the clinical specialists despite everything depict the reason as obscure. Despite the fact that Polands Syndrome can impact up to five of the bodies frameworks (solid, skeletal, integumentary,

College Application Essay Samples - Use Them to Write a Great College Application Essay

College Application Essay Samples - Use Them to Write a Great College Application EssayWhen applying for a college or university, college application essays are a good way to highlight your skills and qualities. If you have taken an English Literature class at your college or university, you have probably written an essay on some famous American author or you have presented a thesis on your thoughts about the subject matter of your college or university degree.Well, college application essays can also be included in a college application. You may have already studied and written your essay and sent it to the college if you have taken a college writing course. If this is not the case, you must follow these helpful tips in order to prepare your college application essay samples.A good example of writing a college application essay samples is from Harvard University. In their application to the incoming class of 2020, they have given this sample and you can check it out here. It gives t he student that extra edge that he/she needs when it comes to submitting the essay to the college.If you would like to know more tips about writing college application essays, there are some writing guides that you can find. They are free so that you can get your hands on them and start writing. Or, you can download some college application essay samples free online.There are many writing guides available in the internet which will help you in editing your own essay. You can use these guides as a guide to edit and format your own college application essay samples. This way, you can also have fun while creating your own college application essay samples.It is always good to try to find as many free college application essay samples as possible because there are many online and offline outlets that will give you the chance to get them for free. Usually, the college that requires the most essays will give them for free so that you can research for the ones that you would want to use.Ju st take a look at the different college application essay samples for free websites and start to look for the ones that you want to use. These days, there are many free websites that offer people to search for essays and write theses for free.

slavery and the plantation Essay - 2087 Words

slavery and the plantation During the era of slavery in the United States, not all blacks were slaves. There were a many number of free blacks, consisting of those had been freed or those in fact that were never slave. Nor did all slave work on plantations. There were nearly five hundred thousand that worked in the cities as domestic, skilled artisans and factory hands (Green, 13). But they were exceptions to the general rule. Most blacks in America were slaves on plantation-sized units in the seven states of the South. And with the invent of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney, more slaves were needed to work the ever-growing cotton game (Frazier, 14). The size of the plantations varied with the wealth of the planters. There were†¦show more content†¦In most cases, however, slaves were expected to cook the evening meal in their cabins. The food, which was issued once a week, was generally coarse and lacking in variety. The usual allocation was a peck of corn and three o f four pounds of bacon or salt pork. They were also given milk, potatoes, peas and beans, molasses, and fish. Fractional amounts, usually one-half, were allotted to each child in the family. Most slaves supplemented this meager fare by trapping coons and opossums in the fields or by stealing corn from the masters corncribs and chickens from his chicken coops. Slaves made a distinction between taking and stealing. It was considered right to take anything that belonged to white folk but it was wrong to steal the property of other slaves (Olmsted 69-72). While the diet provided to the slave kept them alive and functioning, it lacked many important nutrients, and diet-related diseases plagued slave communities. The diseases and other inflictions that befell slave include hernia, pneumonia, and lockjaw. Because of the lack of proper sanitation, slaves also suffered from dysentery and cholera more severely than the whites (Berkin, 266-267). Twice a year the slave was issued a clothes ration. A South Carolina planter described a typical allowance in his plantation manual: Each man gets in the fall two shirts of cotton drilling, a pair of woolen pants and a woolen jacket. In the spring two shirts of cotton shirting and two pair ofShow MoreRelatedA South Plantation Owners View of Slavery Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesA South Plantation Owners View of Slavery For hundreds of years, slavery has been practiced around the world. At this time, abolitionist Americans have no right to deny this tradition. Our founding fathers, in fact, had slaves of their own. One must concur that slavery is not morally wrong but rather needed for the growth of America. The abolitionists of the North have weak arguments that can be overruled by all the advantages of slavery. These advantages include white supremacyRead MoreRoles Women Played on the plantation during slavery2490 Words   |  10 Pages Metropolitan Movements towards Emancipation Topic: What role did women play on the Plantation? Table of Contents Rationale During my study of Caribbean history at Kingston College there has been little mention of women during slavery as such I wanted to get more information for my personal development and knowledge. The focus is primarily on the highlight of the maleRead MoreThe Effects Of Child Slavery And Child Labor On Chocolate Plantation1617 Words   |  7 PagesChild slavery and child labor on chocolate plantations is one of the world’s greatest concerns at the moment. Chocolate plantations are specifically mentioned because chocolate is such a large industry and many kids, particularly in tropical African countries, are affected by child labor. In Cà ´te d’Ivoire alone, around 15,000 children are slaves working on chocolate, or cacao, plantations. (american.edu) This problem is concerning because not only is it unethical, but child labor and, thereforeRead MoreNew Consumption Patterns Of African Slavery And The Sugar Plantation System Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican slaver y and the sugar plantation system from the Mediterranean into the Atlantic and across to the Americas. It will also discuss my disagreement with David Eltis that Africans were only enslaved because white Europeans unconsciously exempted themselves from it. Lastly, I will touch on the political fragmentation of Africa and racial justifications which made this possible. David Brion Davis was certainly correct when he basically stated Sugar was the mother of Atlantic slavery (NorthrupRead MoreThe ghost of the plantation in my opinion is the lingering effects of what slavery did to the700 Words   |  3 PagesThe ghost of the plantation in my opinion is the lingering effects of what slavery did to the African American people collectively. It immensely impacted their mind which in turn, carried through the generations. Akbar explains that work, property, leadership, clowning, and personal inferiority are the ghosts that still haunt African- Americans today. Akbar’s view of African- Americans and work are not a concrete argument for me because the majority, regardless of race, in my opinion, rather relaxRead MoreSlavery As A Business Enterprise And Economic System921 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery as a Business Enterprise and Economic System Was slavery an economic engine for the Southern economy before the Civil War? Men like Senator and businessman James Henry Hammond would say yes immediately without a second thought. People like Hammond believed that slavery in these times were critical to the growth of the southern economy. They made points such as that agricultural sales were a main percentage of business in the south and with the large area of fertile land that slave ownershipRead MoreAfrican Slavery And Slavery Case Study1198 Words   |  5 Pagesthe expansion of cotton-based plantations and slavery, what role did African Americans play in undermining slavery? There are a couple of rules that African-American played and undermining slavery. For example, African Americans that did not want to work would often break the tools that they have to work with. Another example of African-Americans undermining slavery would be them working very slow. There are some bigger ways to African-Americans undermine slavery. those ways are them runningRead MoreSlavery and the Economy of the Southern Colonies Essay1282 Words   |  6 Pagesto they could not live without it. This is what African slaves were to the Southern colonists. Slavery was a huge factor in the Southerner’s lives. Originally the colonists used indentured servants to work in their homes and on their plantations. This situation was not ideal because the Southern farmers wanted more control over their workers (orange). Virginian farmers heard about the success of slavery in the Caribbean and thought it would be a good solution to their problems (blue). The southernRead MoreThe Nee d for Slavery in the Colonies856 Words   |  4 PagesThe Need for Slavery in the Colonies Farming, sewing, and taking care of livestock were just a few responsibilities that were left to slaves during the 1600 s. White families received all of the benefits from the work done, yet they rarely had to lift a finger, unless it was to correct a slave. Today s generation reads about slavery and regards it as morally wrong. While I agree that slavery was one of America s greatest wrongdoings, it paved the way for America as we know it today. OneRead MoreFrederick L. Olmsted s Journeys Throughout The American South During The Mid 1950 S Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagescotton, sugar, and rice plantations. His personal accounts and impressions of the slave system across the southern states – from Virginia to Texas - are well documented in a collection of his journals, â€Å"The Cotton Kingdom.† Much of the Northern population, as well as Olmsted, had a preconceived idea of how slaves lived and were treated in the South. After spending time on several plantations, farms, and homes of Southerners from all classes, and interviewing travelers, plantation owners, overseers, and

Assisted Suicide - 878 Words

Jennifer Alcala English 12 Dec. 13, 2014 Block 5 Persuasive Essay Assisted suicide is the suicide of a person, done with the help of another person but mostly a physician. (Wikipedia) This can be a very debatable topic because it has actually been legalized in different parts of the world. By having this act legalized, it doesn’t really mean that the assistor won’t get persecuted. Many people may not agree with my point of view, but in my opinion assisted suicide should not be legalized at all. First of all, there are many pros such as , a patients pain and suffering will be coming to an end. For example, if a person is suffering from a horrible disease it would be as if they were living dead. As the article Pros and†¦show more content†¦One can get well from one day to the next. Also, the science is advancing so fast that doctors can make a medicine that can cure whatever you have. Doctors should always try nothing but their best to keep their patients alive. What if there is actually a cure and the doctors are still not quite aware of it? Messerli says, â€Å"You have to consider the constant medical and pharmaceutical advances that just might lead to a miracle recovery. We should never get to a point where we spend more time looking for a way out of life than for a way to sustain life.† Through this quote we see that it is always better to fight for life to keep going and assisted suicide should not be an option In conclusion, people should never give up and take the easy path. Even though a lot of people suffer at the end maybe everything can be worth it. It won’t be an easy thing to keep living in pain but giving up and giving the right for someone to kill you not be consider an option. As a result, assisted suicide should not be legalized because no one should be able to take someone else’s lifeShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Assisted Suicide And Suicide1062 Words   |  5 PagesAfter researching assisted suicide I have more questions than when I started. The definition of assisted suicide is very factual: suicide facilitated by another person, especially a physician, who organized the logistics of the suicide, as by providing the necessary quantities of a poison (The definition of assisted suicide 2016). After much research I have learned that assisted suicide is an option one has to make depending on their moral standards, will to live, and how they want to die ratherRead More Euthanasia Essay - Assisted Suicide1579 Words   |  7 PagesAssisted Suicide/Euthanasia      Ã‚   Remarkably, few have noticed that frail, elderly and terminally ill people oppose assisted suicide more than other Americans. The assisted-suicide agenda is moving forward chiefly with vocal support from the young, the able-bodied and the affluent, who may even think that their parents and grandparents share their enthusiasm. They are wrong.    Thus the assisted suicide agenda appears as a victory not for freedom, but for discrimination. At its heartRead MoreDoctor Assisted Suicide And Suicide1585 Words   |  7 PagesDoctor assisted suicide is a topic that has recently become a much larger debated issue than before. A timeline put together by Michael Manning and Ian Dowbigging shows that prior to Christianity, doctor assisted suicide was something that was tolerated, and was not heavily questioned (2). Yet, in the 13th century, Thomas Aquinas had made a statement about suicide as well as doctor assisted suicide, and his words shaped the Catholic teaching on suicide into what they teach today. Beginning in theRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal1578 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the alternative options is Physician-Assisted Suicide; defined as the voluntary termination of one’s own life by administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect assistance of a physician (â€Å"Physician-assi sted†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). In layman’s terms it means that a physician administers medications to the patients to use on their own terms, and it’s entirely up to the patient whether or not to ingest the medication. I know Physician-Assisted Suicide is a practical solution to terminally ill patients’Read MoreEssay Problems with Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide1262 Words   |  6 PagesEuthanasia Problems      Ã‚  Doctors do err on cancer patients survival times, so how can they say when the time is ripe for assisted suicide. A study in the July 1 issue of Cancer, the journal of the American Cancer Society, finds that doctors are often wrong in predicting how long terminally ill cancer patients will live. After studying the accuracy of doctors predictions regarding 233 patients with end-of-life cancer, the researchers found most doctors had a tendency to overestimate survivalRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagesrelentless pain and agony through physician assisted death? Physician-Assisted Suicide PAS is highly contentious because it induces conflict of several moral and ethical questions such as who is the true director of our lives. Is suicide an individual choice and should the highest priority to humans be alleviating pain or do we suffer for a purpose? Is suicide a purely individual choice? Having analyzed and even experience the effects of physician assisted suicide, I promote and fully support its legalityRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Thesis Statement1679 Words   |  7 Pagesrequests for physician-assisted suicide are now a viable possibility. Knowing the pathways to answering to those patients, as their requests for assisted death persist, is upmost importance. As of June, 9th 2016 California became the fifth state to allow physician-assisted suicide. The California’s End of Life Option Act authorizes any individual 18 years of age or older, who has been diagnosed as terminally ill and fits specific criteria, to solicit administration of assisted dying drugs at the handsRead MorePhysician’s Assisted Suicide1063 Words   |  5 Pagesthe question may arise as to whether or not third parties should be allowed to intentionally end the life of the patient or help the patient commit suicide. Physician’s assisted suicide should be a legal option for terminally ill patients all throughout the United States. Currently in the US there are three states that have physician assisted suicide laws in place. Oregon was the first state to pass a law allowing physicians to help end the lives of the terminally ill. This law was called the 1997Read MoreThe Legalization of Assisted Suicide1291 Words   |  5 PagesAssisted Suicide has through out history caused controversy among our society. There are two sides to this issue, one that passionately supports it, and those who religiously disagree. I believe that assisted suicide should become legal for several reasons. Assisted suicide gives individuals the right to end their suffering when they personally feel that their time has come to die. Assisted suicide should become legal because if one can decide to put an animal out of its misery, why shouldn’t thatRead MoreThe Choice Of Assisted Suicide1314 Words   |  6 Pag esthe law so patients are allowed to lawfully receive assistance to peacefully pass away. The acceptability to acquire â€Å"assisted suicide† has been designed into five factors. It is the combination of a patient’s age, curability of illness, degree of suffering, mental status, and extent of patients requests for the procedure. Moreover, no discussion on assisted suicide is complete without looking into the experience of Oregon, which was the first state in the U.S. to pass the Death with Dignity

Life Writing Fraudulent First Nations

Question: Discuss about theLife Writingfor Fraudulent First Nations. Answer: Introduction A hoax is referred to a trick used by someone to lie, to pretend something which is fraud and does not exist actually. More serious hoax refers to the fraudulent activities by someone with the intention to deceive people in order to achieve personal objectives. Grey Own was considered to be a hoax as he undertook Fraudulent First Nations as his own identification and achieved fame being a conservationist which was a false revelation. on the contrary, JT LeRoy tricked people about the real existence as a young man or as a woman in the late thirties. It has been observed that JT LeRoy appeared as a man with another false name while nobody knew his real name and about his existence. Besides, Grey Owl had been considered as a prominent author was known as great conservationist who worked to save a beaver in Canada from extinction and therefore regarded as hoax. However, the intention of Grey Owl to follow hoax is to save people that is hoax in good faith which was believed by people thro ugh his act. On the contrary, JT LeRoy purposely deceived people by hiding the real identification which resulted in misplacement of trust after the release of his several books. Therefore, JT LeRoy can be said to have perpetrated the more serious hoax since, JT LeRoy intended to deceive people by applying the fraudulent act in hiding the real identification. Additionally, the act and fraud undertook by JT LeRoy was not in any good- faith but it affected trust of the people and considered as a fiction while many of them established JT LeRoy as an exploiter. Considering the intention of acting hoax of both the perpetrators, Grey Owl and JT LeRoy, I would like to forgive Grey Owl since his hoax was in good faith that is intended to save people. However, JT LeRoy hoaxed people with the intention of hiding the real identity which eventually affect their trust and beliefs. In view of the video, it has been observed that the bride hoaxed her friends for her damaged hair which seemed to be fake. The bride started cutting her damaged hair while other friend on the other side was amused which reflects the fraudulent act created to deceive people. In my opinion, hair of the bride was not looked original while it was more like a wig worn by the bride to display something which was not real. It was seen that one of the three bridesmaid failed to feed champagne to the bride while the other bridesmaid failed to console on fixing the damaged hair. However, it is appears to be fake when the bride herself started to cut off the hair as the other bridesm aid was laughing. Had it been true incident, the bridesmaid would not laugh at the bride for the trouble she experienced for her wedding. Therefore, in my opinion the bride is considered to be a serious hoax who deceived people and viewers for the damaged hair which was actually a wig. Bibliography "bride has massive Hair Wig Out (ORIGINAL)". in , , 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nFDnC8SSWQ [accessed 9 February 2017].

Shared Parenting 2006 Amendment free essay sample

This (3) speech will establish the background of shared parenting, together with an examination of the strengths and weaknesses of the most recent amendment. I am Ryan Baldwin, family lawyer for the Department of child services. Dr. Jenny McIntosh maintains that the 2006 amendment to the Family law (Shared parental responsibilities) Act, was not a negative amendment, though it did not address the problematic issues, arising in the courts when dealing with parenting orders. Currently there are â€Å"significant numbers of children are being damaged by our shared-parenting laws . University of Sydney professor, Patrick(4) Parkinson, also questioned the presumption of shared parenting, saying it only works if both parents live closely together and there is co-operation. The notion of shared care doesn’t always work; it is a flawed premise, idealistic and impractical. The Family Law Act provides a framework for parents to have â€Å"meaningful involvement in their children’s lives(5)† â€Å"Its the quality of the relationship thats important, not the quantity. We will write a custom essay sample on Shared Parenting 2006 Amendment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And one of the unfortunate effects†¦ of the 2006 legislation has been that its focused people very much on time. The courts want equal time and its taken the focus away from whats best for the child. The current legislation has been regarded to favour the parent’s best wishes over the Childs. The law still has a long way to go to provide an equitable Family Law system. To understand what the amendment adjusted, we must first understand the history of shared parenting in Australian legislation. The(6) Family Law (shared parental responsibilities) Amendment Act (2006) (commonwealth) amended the Family Law Act (1975) ,commonwealth) [FLA] to provide further access and equity for parents and children, in the making of parenting orders. The amendment is not the first legislative attempt to address perceived inadequacies of the Family Law Act. The 1975 Act had issues regarding: fathers with shared parenting, re-location of children ,and children being regarded more as property than a responsibility. For the past 35 years, the Family Court of Australia has treated most separated fathers, as if an access visit every second weekend and half the school holidays was enough. Sue Price said â€Å"Shared parenting laws are under(7) threat from feminists, with no intention of giving fathers a fair go. In 1996 the Family law act was amended in what was a paradigm shift, by providing for independent representation of children in disputes, so is to protect their rights. This introduced, child advocates. Further amendments to the FLA sought to neutralise terminology, by changing the language in parenting orders such as; custody were replaced with new terms such as residential and non-residential, access and contact. In 2006, the Australian Government introduced a series of changes to the family law system. The â€Å"Family law act 1975 was amended to the â€Å"Family Law Amendment, (Shared Parental Responsibilities) Act ,2006, commonwealthgt; (SPR, Act, 2006). This amendment introduced, â€Å"rebuttable presumption of shared parents responsibilities† and acknowledged parents ,â€Å"right to have a meaningful relationship with their children†. The new amendment did not encourage equal time between parents and children, rather equal responsibilities. Due to the new change of equal responsibilities shared between parents, this allowed for relocation much harder. The new amendment coincides with 65 family centres to help families through relationships ,or establish arrangements without litigation. The amendments have been put in place to try to improve the issues, of relocation and perceived bias in the court system. This amendment was an improvement but more needs to be done. The 2006 amendment (section (9) 61DA) makes clear that: both parents are responsible for the care and welfare of their children until the child reaches 18 ,and arrangements which involve shared responsibilities ,and requires coopeation between the parents. The reform aimed to manage parental separation, â€Å"away from litigation and towards co-operative parenting†. The 2006 amendment was formed to; encourage greater† involvement by both parents in their children’s lives, though, unfortunately, it hasn’t been sufficient. One advantage (10) to this new amendment is that shared responsibilities are now more prominent. Prior to the amendment, responsibilities could have been set to one parent. The new amendment hopefully will depart from the â€Å"old perceived ‘80/20 formula’ (1975) of post separation, shared parenting† The 80/20 formula which was raised by Paul Boers in 2000 was a generalisation within shared parenting that mothers would have 80% access and contact, and fathers would only have 20%. Prior to the 2006 amendment, which brought in rebuttable responsibilities, parents could have had to meet all of the Childs responsibilities. That is, one single parent would have all the respons ibilities of their child. The ability of one parent to relocate children far away from the other parent is harder than prior to the amendment. This is due to studies which outline that children, who are separated from one parent are both distressed and, can cause mental and emotional damage. Prior to the 2006 amendment; â€Å"One in four kids from separated families sees one parent less than once a year, or never. It can be argued that the 2006 amendment offers some improvement, but it cannot be said that the job is done. Bias (10) towards mothers, perceived or real, remains a real issue that the amendment has not addressed. Dads in distress are a group of fathers fighting for equal rights in the family law system. This group, is typically fathers- who perceive they have been on the receiving end of a mother-bias decision. â€Å"Dads in Distress expressed both appreciation of the Act, as a small step in the right direction, and, concern whether the changes would be taken seriously by Family Law Practitioners† . It can be argued that among family law practitioners, the perception remains, that mothers are better parents. â€Å"For too long mothers have had automatic right to sole custody while loving, good fathers have had to fight tooth and nail, to get more than every second weekend with their own kids†. Perhaps further refinement is required in order to readdress, the perception, that mothers make better parents and ,determine the residential parent on the basis of competency, rather than by their sex ,whilst still retaining the paramount principle of the best interests of the child. Shared (11) parenting and equal responsibilities doesn’t mean, and should not be interpreted as, equal parenting-â€Å". And, in fact, many mens advocates have been disappointed that the reality of shared care hasnt always matched the ideal†. In some cases the amendment has only caused fathers to have equal responsibilities, not equal or quality time with their children .Fathers are presumed to be a less capable parent unless they prove otherwise, whereas mothers are presumed to be a better parent firstly. â€Å"As a result of misinformation, legal officers have resolved cases where the best interest of the children may not have been regarded. The Equal Opportunity Commission, which is the Governments-own, anti-discrimination agency, have stated that they are fully aware, that men are being discriminated against in the Family Law Court, based on gender alone. Academics, including Psychologists, have attempted to intervene to help protect children, but are brushed aside by the Family Law Court . â€Å"Science is being ignored in favour of personal views held by Officers of the Court,† These statements are showing that officers of the court are being persuaded by pre-dispositions that mothers are more capable parents and, are ignoring the science, that fathers are necessary in a child’s upbringing. Many thousands of Australian childrens-futures have been placed at risk, as they are deprived from a healthy influence of a good father . The new amendment sought to address the pre-disposition in the courts, that mothers are better parents than fathers. Unsuccessfully to date, the bias remains. And â€Å" the best interests of the child† are not paramount. The amendment needs further refinement; inter alia, to recognise the importance of a healthy relationship with fathers and children. Equal time, (12) is not supported by studies of what is truly, in the best interests of the child. There isn’t â€Å"a linear relationship between how much time children were spending with their fathers, and the quality of that relationship according to the children, Dr McIntosh said . The amendment arguably focuses on equal time, not the quality of the time and relationship. The court, following the amendment, adopted a presumption that the child should spend equal time with the parents, unless it could be demonstrated to ,not ,to be in the best interest of the child. That is, the idealistic shared care. is that children are to spend equal time with parents, supporting healthy relationships with both mother and father. Though studies have shown that this is not the case. Each case must be analyzed on a case by case basis. The quality of time spent between parents. hould be analyzed before the quantity of time. In some instances, decision about time â€Å"seems not to be in the childrens best interests, partly due to community and professional misunderstandings. The legislation is ambiguous, which can allow for misinterpretation of the law. Attorney-General Robert McClee-land admitted: â€Å"the wording of the legislation could be improved, but an education campa ign† would be more practical. The courts presumption is that 50:50 access, and care of a child is, in the best interests of the child. But in fact, in circumstances children are better off with 80% time with one parent. In some cases it is unreasonable for a child to spend 50% time with each parent, as parents often work different hours, as stated by Fell-berg . Some of the courts are skewing towards equal time, where in some instances equal access of children, isn’t, in the best interests of that child. The amendment in adopting a simplistic 50:50 shared care principle, which is not providing children, with the best outcome for their upbringing in different stages of their lives. The shared (13) care presumption is idealistic and often impractical. Take, for example a case where one parent lived in Ipswich and the other in Tweed Heads. Shared care would require the child to â€Å"rotate† between the residences of the parents; this doesn’t supply the child with a stable home, when there is one week alternate with each parent. Children who are continually changing living arrangements have â€Å"higher rates of hyperactivity, than children who have a stable home base with one of their parent,. A solution to this would be that the children have a stable home and the parents rotate where they live, keeping the children in the one residency. Professor Nichol-son said, :What the amendment is â€Å"really saying is not much about the desires, the needs, and the interests of the child. Its talking about the desires, needs, and the interests of the parents,†(Fullerton, 2009). Parents ought to have more flexible arrangements with shared care. Factors regarding what are more practical for parents ,or easier for parents, should not be considered, only what is in the best interests of the child ought to be. Allowing for flexibility, provides the child to spend time where they would prefer, rather than living where the courts want them too. Thus, providing less stress on the child. Dr McIntosh says children in shared care are more troubled, distressed and anxious, than children who have more flexible arrangements† . There ought to be a higher priority on the child’s best interests, and analysing whether 50:50 time, with parents Is in fact, the best for the chid. Each child is different (14), and will require different needs, and have different relationships with each parent . The amendment does not adequately take into consideration, the quality of time and relationship between fathers and their children. According to many perceptions, shared parenting is ideal, when parents have 50% access and contact. It has been shown that shared care on a time basis, is not necessarily the best for the child, rather quality is. The legislation itself does not necessarily need drastic change. Rather, there needs to be refinement of the purpose, and intent to eliminate, to the degree possible, the am-big-u-ity arising out of the amendment. That is, principally, the predispositions of mothers being better parents and that 50:50 time between parents, is not necessarily the ideal shared parenting outcome. Each case needs to be defined on a case by case basis, always acknowledging, whats in the best interests of the child, regardless of the impracticality for parents.

Primary Documents Example

Primary Documents Example Primary Documents – Article Example Assignment Primary documents The Manchester derby had been anticipated for weeks and it did not disappoint by all standards. The sensation of the players was worth watching as each side struggled to bag the full three points on offer. Attendance stood at 72,350 about 2,000 shy of this seasons’ record turnout of 75,350 between Manchester United and West Ham United. This is not surprising as the derby has ever attracted a staggering 78,000 turnout. Like any other derby, the match had its fair share of drama with a player being sent off 35 minutes into the game. There were a total of 8 cards issued; one red card and 7 yellow cards. Manchester City have now had three red cards and 35 yellow cards compared to their rivals who have 36 yellow cards and no red card so far (Star shine, 2014). Manchester City marks man Sergio Aguero was on point netting two goals. His 14th minute volley came close to breaking the league record of the fastest goal currently standing at 13 seconds by fell ow team mate Jesus Navas. His goal tally stands at 15 goals 9 behind current league top scorer Luiz Suarez in 15 appearances. Manchester City managed to keep a clean sheet of 12 consecutive unbeaten run just two behind league leaders Chelsea. It also brought their goals scored to 69 trailing Liverpool by 4 goals while having conceded 27 goals, 5 more than Chelsea and 4 less their opponents. There was no much celebration for Manchester who had hoped to walk away with the full points in a bid to make it to the top four threshold for Champions League qualification. They had to settle for a draw after a last minute goal by Van Persie drew them level in the 92nd added time. In his 273rd appearance in the league, Wayne Rooney found the back of the net with a superb through pass from Juan Mata. He now has 11 goals in 22 appearances having been declared man of the match for the second time this season. He managed to cover 7.6 miles compared to the Manchester City player of the Match Yaya To ure who covered 7.3 miles in the game. At the end of the day the derby lived up to the expectations of the fans though the two sided had to share the spoils (star shines, 2014).Work citedEPL Stars in Action.. (2013, December 17). Daily News (Colombo, Sri Lanka), p. 34.Stars shine at EPL.. (2014, March 8). Daily News (Colombo, Sri Lanka), p. 23.EPLs Goal: Play Road Games; Other Countries Opposed to Invasion from Dominant League. (2014, February 16). The Washington Times, p. 2.Today on Television/radio. (2013, December 7). Daily Herald.